واکنش رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه و شاخصهای سودمندی و رقابت به تلقیح مایکوریزایی در کشت مخلوط گوار و آفتابگردان | ||
دوفصلنامه فنآوری تولیدات گیاهی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 16، شماره 1، مرداد 1403، صفحه 19-34 اصل مقاله (1.39 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22084/ppt.2024.28708.2119 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فهیمه عالیپور1؛ محمدرضا مرادی تلاوت* 2؛ سیدعطاءالله سیادت3؛ آیدین خدایی جوقان4 | ||
1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، اهواز، ایران | ||
2دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، اهواز، ایران | ||
3استاد، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، اهواز، ایران | ||
4استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، اهواز، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثر الگوهای کشت مخلوط و تلقیح مایکوریزا بر عملکرد و شاخصهای سودمندی آفتابگردان (Helianthus annus L.) و گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در بهار 1397 در مزرعه دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سطوح مایکوریزا (تلقیح و عدم تلقیح) و نسبتهای کاشت (100 درصد آفتابگردان)، (100 درصد گوار)، (75 درصد آفتابگردان + 25 درصد گوار)، (25 درصد آفتابگردان + 75 درصد گوار) و (50 درصد آفتابگردان + 50 درصد گوار) بودند. اثر نسبتهای کشت و تلقیح مایکوریزا بر صفات موردبررسی معنیدار بود. بالاترین نسبت برابری زمین (1.34) به تیمار 50 درصد آفتابگردان + 50 درصد گوار تعلق داشت. ترکیب 75 درصد آفتابگردان + 25 درصد گوار پایینترین شاخص رقابت برای آفتابگردان، و در نسبت 75 درصد گوار + 25 درصد آفتابگردان پایینترین شاخص رقابت برای گوار بهدست آمد. بالاترین درصد نیتروژن علوفه (2.34 درصد) از تیمار 25 درصد آفتابگردان + 75 درصد گوار و عدم تلقیح مایکوریزا بهدست آمد. بیشترین درصد فیبرخام آفتابگردان از تیمار عدم تلقیح مایکوریزا از نسبت 50 درصد آفتابگردان + 50 درصد گوار با میانگین 0.45 حاصل شد. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد علوفه خشک بهترتیب از تیمار 75 درصد آفتابگردان + 25 درصد گوار (2699 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تیمار 100 درصد گوار (827 کیلوگرم در هکتار) حاصل شد. بهطورکلی، بهنظر میرسد کشت مخلوط آفتابگردان و گوار میتواند سبب افزایش کمیت و کیفیت علوفه تولیدی شود که در صورت تکرار نتایج میتوان از نسبت 75 درصد آفتابگردان همراه با 25 درصد گوار در این زمینه استفاده نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
خاکستر؛ فیبر؛ کلروفیل؛ لوبیای خوشهای؛ همزیستی | ||
مراجع | ||
Ahmadi Nouraldinvand, F., Moradi-Telavat, M. R., Siadat, S. A. & Moshattati, A. (2019). Effect of different concentrations of humic acid on guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) yield and nutrients uptake in different sowing densities. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 9(1), 33-49. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.29252/jcpp.9.1.33 Akhtar, L. H., Bukhari, S., Salah-ud-Din, S. & Minhas, R. (2012). Response of new guar strains to various row spacing. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 49(4), 469-471. Amini, R., Shamayeli, M. & Dabbagh MohammadI Nasab, A. (2015). Yield and relative advantage of sunflower intercropping at different patterns with soybean and corn. Journal of Agroecology, 6(3), 529-541. (in Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v6i3.23249 Amossé, C., Jeuffroy, M. H. & David, C. (2013). Relay intercropping of legume cover crops in organic winter wheat: Effects on performance and resource availability. Field Crops Research 145, 78-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.02.010 Azul, A. M., Ramos, V. & Sales, F. (2010). Early effects of fire on herbaceous vegetation and mycorrhizal symbiosis in high altitude grasslands of Natural Park of Estrela Mountain (PNSE). Symbiosis 52,113-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-010-0103-1 Banik, P., Midya, A., Sarkar, B. K. & Ghose, S. S. (2006). Wheat and chickpea intercropping systems in an additive series experiment: Advantages and weed smothering. European Journal of Agronomy, 24(4), 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.10.010 Baser Kouchebagh, S., Mirshekari, B. & Farahvash, F. (2012). Improvement of corn yield by seed biofertilization and urea application. World Applied Sciences Journal, 16(9), 1239-1242. Bavi, H., Moradi-Telavat, M. R., Siadat, M. R. & Koochakzadeh, A. (2016). Effects of plant density on sweet and baby corn (hybrid KSC 403) yield and yield components. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 14(1), 100-108. https://doi.org/10.22067/gsc.v14i1.34172 Brummer, E. C. (1998). Diversity, stability and sustainable. American Journal of Agriculture Agronomy, 90, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000010001x Dahmardeh, M., Ghanbari, A., Siahsar, B. & Ramroudi, M. (2010). Effect of Planting Ratio and Harvest Time on Forage Quality of Maize in Maize-Cowpea Intercropping. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 41(3), 635-644. (in Persian with English abstract) Ghaboli, M., Shahriary, F., Sepehri, M., Marashi, H. & Hosseini Salekdeh, G. (2012). An Evaluation of the impact of the endophyte fungus Piriformospora indica on some traits of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in drought stress. Journal of Agroecology, 3(3), 328-336. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v3i3.13558 Ghanbari Bonjar, A. & H. C. Lee. (2003). Inter cropped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and been (Vicia faba L.) as whole- crop forage: effect of harvest time on forage yield and quality. Grass and forage Science, 58, 28-36. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00348.x Ghanbari, S., Moradi-Telavat, M. R. & Siadat, S. A. (2016). Effect of manure application on forage yield and quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in intercropping. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 17(4), 315-328. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.15625540.1394.17.4.5.3 Ghosh, P. K., Ajay, K. K., Bandyopadhyay, M. C., Manna, K. G., Mandal, A. K. & Hati, K. M. (2004). Comparative effectiveness of cattle manure, poultry manure, phosphocompost and fertilizer-NPK on three cropping system in vertisols of semi-arid tropics. II. Dry matter yield, nodulation, chlorophyll content and enzyme activity. Bioresource Technology, 95, 85-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.02.012 Ghosh, P. K., Tripathi, A. K., Bandyopadhyay, K. K. & Manna, M. C. (2009). Assessment of nutrient competition and nutrient requirement in soybean/sorghum intercropping system. European Journal of Agronomy, 31(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2009.03.002 Ghulam Nabi, A. (2013). Cluster bean (guar) Cultivation in Pakistan. Valley irrigation Pakistan (PRIVATE) limited. Available from: http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Guar-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf. Heichol, G. H. & K. I. Henjum. (1991). Dinitrogen fixation, nitrogen transfer and productivity of forage legume - grass communities. Crop Science, 31, 202-208.https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100010045x Javanmard, A., Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab, A., Nasiri, Y. & Shekari, F. (2015). Evaluation of Forage Yield and Some Useful Indicators in Mixed Corn with Multiple Legumes in Double Cropping. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 4(12), 39-52. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.22518517.1393.4.12.4.0 Kalatenu, M. M., Torbatinejad, N. M., Zerehdaran, S., Moslemipour, F. & Samiei, R. (2014). Utilize of guar meal instead common oil seeds meal in nutrition of Mazandaran male Zel fattening lambs. Journal of Ruminants Research, 2(1), 51-66. Kiani, S., Moradi-Telavat, M. R., Siadat, S. A., Abdali Mashhadi, A. R. & Sari, M. (2015). Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative of forage yield in intercropping of barley and fennel at different levels of nitrogen. Journal of Crops Improvement, 16(4), 973-986. https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2015.53591 Kiani, S., Siadat, S. A., Moradi-Telavat, M. R., Abdali Mashhadi, A. R. & Sari, M. (2014). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on forage yield and quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) intercropping. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences 16(2), 77-90. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.15625540.1393.16.2.1.8 Lithourgidis, A. S., I. B. Vasikoglou, K. V. Dhima, C. A. Dordas & M. D. Yiakoulaki. (2011). Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crops Research, 99, 106 - 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.03.008 Mao, L., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Liu, S., Werf, W. V., Zhang, S., Spiertz, H. & Li, Z. (2014). Crop growth, light utilization and yield of relay intercropped cotton as affected by plant density and a plant growth regulator. Field Crops Research, 155, 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.021 Mariotti M., Masoni, A., Ercoli, L. & Arduini, I. (2009). Above‐ and below‐ground competition between barley, wheat, lupin and vetch in a cereal and legume intercropping system. Grass and Forage Science, 64(4), 401-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2009.00705.x Mead, R. & Willey, R. W. (1980). The concept of a 'Land Equivalent Ratio' and advantages in yields from intercropping. Experimental Agriculture, 16(3), 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479700010978 Momen Keikha, M., Khammari, I., Dahmardeh, M. & Forozandeh, M. (2018). Assessing yield and physiological aspects of guar (Cyamopsiste tetragonoloba L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) intercropping under different levels of nitrogen. Journal of Agroecology, 9(4), 1050-1069. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v9i4.51084 Morales-Rosales, E. J. & Franco-Mora, O. (2009). Biomass, yield and land equivalent ratio of Helianthus annus L in sole crop and intercropped with Phaseolus vulgaris L. in high valleys of Mexico. Tropical and Subtropical Agro Ecosystems, 10(3), 431-439. Moshaver, E., Emam. Y., Madani, H., Nourmohammadi, G. & Heidari Sharifabad, H. (2017). Comparison of yield and some forage qualitative characteristics of corn, sorghum and amaranth in response to density and sowing date in Fars province. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology (Agriculture Science) 10(1), 103-120. (in Persian with English abstract) Najafabadi, A., Jalilian, J. & Zardoshti, M. R. (2017). The effect of intercropping patterns on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of safflower and bitter vetch in high-input and low-input farming systems. Journal of Crops Improvement, 19(2), 445-460. https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2017.60427 Nandini, K. M., Sridhara, S., Patil, S. & Kumar K. (2017). Effect of planting density and different genotypes on growth, yield and quality of guar. International Journal of Pure and Applied Bioscience, 5(1), 320-328. https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2499 Nassiri Mahallati, M., Koocheki, A., Mondani, F., Feizi, H. & Amirmoradi, S. (2015). Determination of optimal strip width in strip intercropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Northeast Iran. Journal of Cleaner Production, 106, 343-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.099 Nikbakht, A., Kafi, M., Babalar, M. & Xia, Y. P. (2008). Effect of humic acid on plant growth, nutrients uptake and postharvest life of gerbera. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31, 2155-2167. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160802462819 Ross, S. M., King, J. R. & Spaner, D. (2004). Forage potential of intercropping berseem clover with barley, oat, or triticale. Agronomy Journal 96(4),1013-1020. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.1013 Sadeghpour, A., Jahanzad, E., Esmaeili, A., Hosseini, M. B. & Hashemi, M. (2013). Forage yield, quality and economic benefit of intercropped barley and annual medic in semi-arid conditions: Additive series. Field Crops Research, 148, 43-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.021 Shahbazi, M., Khodaei-Joghan, A., Moradi-Telavat, M. R. & Moshattati, A. (2021). Effect of simultaneous and overlapped intercropping ratios on essential oil yield of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and forage quality of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 23(2), 127-141. (in Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.15625540.1400.23.2.3.9 Siadat, S. A., & Moradi-Telavat, M. R. (2014). Forage Crops Cultivation. Nashr-e-Daneshgahi Press, Tehran, Iran, 344 Pp. Tohidy Nejad, E., Mazaheri, D., Koocheki, A. & Ghalavand, A. (2004). Study of maize and sunflower intercropping. Journal of Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 64, 39-45. Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods of fiber, nutreal detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74,3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2 Vrignon-Brenas, S., Celette, F., Amossé, C. & David, C. (2015). Effect of spring fertilization on ecosystem services of organic wheat and clover relay intercrops. European Journal of Agronomy 73, 73-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2015.10.011 Wang, Z., Zhao, X., Wu, P., He, J., Chen, X., Gao, Y. & Cao, X. (2015). Radiation interception and utilization by wheat/maize strip intercropping systems. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 204, 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.02.004 Whistler, R. L. & Hymowitz, T. (1979). Guar Agronomy, Production, Industrial Use and Nutrition. Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, Indiana.124 pp. Willey, R. W. & Rao, M. R. (1980). A competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Experimental Agriculture, 16(2), 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479700010802 Willey, R.W. (1979). Intercropping: its importance and its needs pt. 2 agronomic relationships, Field Crop Abstract 32, 73-85. Zeinali, E., Soltani, A., Kadempir, M., Tourani, M. & Sheikh, F. (2014). Studying the response of yield components, grain and green pod yield of two faba bean cultivars to inter-row spacing in normal and late seeding dates. Journal of Crops Improvement, 15(4), 195-210. (Persian with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2013.51376 Zy, S., Feng, G., Christie, P. & Li, X. L. (2006). Arbuscular mycorrhizal status of spring ephemerals in the desert ecosystem of Junggar Basin, China. Mycorrhiza, 16,269-275.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-006-0041-1 | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 228 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 292 |