اثر محلول‌پاشی اوره بر پروتئین دانه و انتقال مجدد نیتروژن در اکوتیپ‌های گندم سرداری در دو شرایط دیم و آبی

آمارنامه وزارت کشاورزی، سال زراعی 98-1397، 84 صفحه.

سی‌وسه مرده، ع. 1382. بررسی صفات فیزیولوژیکی مرتبط با مقاومت به خشکی در گندم. پایان‌نامه دکتری. گروه زراعت و واصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه تهران. 283 صفحه.

فیضی اصل، و. و ولی‌زاده، غ. ر. 1383. بررسی اثر زمان محلول‌پاشی اوره بر خصوصیات کمی‌ و کیفی گندم سرداری در شرایط دیم. مجله علوم کشاورزی ایران، 2 (35): 301-311.

قاسمی‌نژاد، م.، فتحی، ق. و حسین‌پور، م. 1379. تعیین نقش ازت بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی سه رقم گندم دوروم در شمال خوزستان. چکیده مقالات ششمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران، صفحه 542.

کاظمی، م.، عزت احمدی، م. 1379. بررسی اثر زمان‌های مختلف محلول‌پاشی اوره بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و درصد پروتئین در گندم آبی. گزارش نهایی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان. 25 صفحه

ملکوتی، م. 1375. کشاورزی پایدار و افزایش عملکرد با بهینه‌سازی مصرف کود در ایران. نشر سنا، 496 صفحه.

Abad, A., Ioveras, J. and Michelna, A. 2004. Nitrogen fertilization and foliar urea effects on durum wheat yield and quality and on residual soil nitrate in irrigated Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 87: (s 2–3) 257-269.

Allahverdiyev, T. 2016. Impact of soil water deficit on some physiological parameters of durum and bread wheat genotypes. Agricultural and Forestly/Poljoprivreda I Sumarstvo, 62 (1): 1-16.

Bly, A. G., and Woodard, H. J. 2003. Foliar nitrogen application timing influence on grain yield and protein concentration of hard red winter and spring wheat. Agronomy Journal, 95: 335-338.

Bockus, W. W., Bowden, R. L., Hunger, R. M., Murray, T. D., Smiley, R. W. 2010. Ompendium of wheat iseases and pests (No. Ed. 3). American Phytopathological Society (APS Press).

Cox, M. C., Qualset, C. O. and Rains, D. W. 1990. Genetic variation for nitrogen assimilation and translocation in wheat. III: nitrogen translocation in relation to grain yield and protein. Crop Science, 26: 737-740.

Duric, V., Kondic -Spika, A., Hristov, N. and Popov-Raljic, J. 2010. The effects ofnitrogen nutrition and glutenin composition on the gluten quality in wheatgenotypes. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 16 (1): 73-78.

Smith, C.J., Freney, J.R., Galbally, I.E. 1991 "Fate of urea nitrogen applied to irrigated wheat at heading" Aust. J. Agric. Res. 40:: 951-963.

FAO. 2015. FAOSTAT database. Available at http://https://www.fao.org/faostat/.

Follet, R. H., Murphy, L. S. and Donahues, R. L. 1981. Fertilizer and soil amendments. Printice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey. 557 pp.

Godfray, H. C., Beddington, T., Crute, J. R., Hadad, I. R., Lawrence, L., Muir, D., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S. and Toulmin, S. M. 2010. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, 327: 812-818.

Gooding, M. J. and Davies, W. P. 1992. Foliar urea fertilization of cereals, Fertilizer. Field Crops Research, 32: 202-222.

Cossani, C. M., Slafer, G. A. and Savin, R. 2012. Nitrogen and water use fficiencies of wheat and barley under a Mediterranean environment in Catalonia. Field Crops Research, 128: 109-118.

Hall, J. A. and Richards, R. A. 2013. Prognosis for genetic improvement of yield potential and water-limited yield of major grain crops. Field Crops Research, 143: 18-33.

Harmsen, K., Spepherd, K. D. and Allan, A. Y. 1984. Crop response to nitrogen and phosphorus in rainfed agriculture. Proceedings of the 17^th Colloquium of the International Potash Institute held in Rabat and Marrakech/Morocco, P. 223-248.

Havlin, J. L., Beaton, J. D., Tisdale, S. L. and Nelson, W. L. 1999. Soil fertility and fertilizers, an introduction to nutrient management. Prentice-Hall, Inc. 528 pp.

Hellemans, T., Landschoot, S., Dewitte, K., Van Bockstaele, F., Vermeir, P., Eeckhout M., and Haesaert, G. 2018. Impact of crop husbandry practices and environmental conditions on wheat composition and quality. A Review Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry, 66: 2491-2509.

Hossain, M. M., Hossain, A., Alam, M. A., EL Sabagh, A., Khandakar Faisal Ibn Murad, Aque, M., Muriruzzaman, M., Islam, M. Z. Das, S. Barutcular, C. and Kizilgeci, F. 2018. Evaluation of fifty spring wheat genotypes grown under heat stress condition in multiple environments of Bangladesh. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27: 5993-6004.

Kirda, C., Derici, M. R. and Schepers, J. S. 2001. Yield response and N- fertilizer recovery of rained wheat growing in the Mediterranean region. Field Crops Research, 71: 113-122.

Liu, R. X., Zhou, Z. G., Guo, W. Q., Chen, B. L. and Oosterhuis, D. M. 2008. Effect of N fertilization on root development and activity of water stressed cotton plants. Agricultural Water Management, 95 (11): 1261-1270.

Maqsood, M. A., Allah, R., Kanwal, S., Aziz, T. and Ashraf, M. 2009. Evaluation of Zn distribution among grain and straw of twelve indigenous wheat genotypes. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41 (1): 225-231.

Martre, P., Porter, J. R., Jamie Son, P. D. and Triboi, E. 2003. Modeling grain nitrogen accumulation and protein composition to understand the sink/source regulation of nitrogen remobilization for wheat. Plant Physiology, 133: 1959-1967.

Masoni, A., Ercoli, L., Mariotti, M. and Ardunin, I. 2007. Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorous in durum wheat as affected by soil type. European Journal of Agronomy, 26: 179-186.

McDonald, G. K. 1992. Effects on nitrogen fertilizer on the growth, grain yield and grain protein concentration of wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 43: 946-967.

Momoh, E. J., Song, W. J., Li, H. Z. and Zhou, W. J. 2004. Seed yield and quality responses of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) to plant density and nitrogen fertilization. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 74: 420-424.

Nehe, A. S., Misra, S., Murchie, E. H., Chinnathambi, K. and Foulkes, M. J. 2018. Genetic variation in N-use efficiency andassociated traits in Indian wheat cultivars. Field Crops Research, 225: 152-162.

Ohm, J. B., Chung, O. K. and Deyoe, C. W. 2002. Single- Kernel characteristics of hard winter wheat in relation to milling and baking quality. Cereal Chemistry (USA), 75: 156-161.

Pan, X., Lada, R. R., Caldwell, C. D. and Falk, K. C. 2011. Water stress and N nutrition effects on photosynthesis and growth of Brassica carinata. Photosynthetica, 49 (2): 309-315.

Papakosta, D. K. and Gagianas, A. A. 1991. Nitrogen and dry matter accumulation, remobilization, and losses for Mediterranean wheat during grain filling. Agronomy Journal, 83: 864-870.

Patric, B. and Smith, D. L. 1993. Accumulation and redistribution of dry matter and nitrogen by spring barley. Agronomy Journal, 85: 1114-1121.

Peltonen, J. 1993. Interaction of late season foliar spray of urea and fungicide mixture in wheat production. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Scince, 170: 296-308.

Peltonen, J. 1992. Ear development stage used for timing supple mental nitrogen application to spring wheat. Crops Science, 32: 1029-1033.

Ransom, J., Simsek, S., Schatz, B., Eriksmoen, E., Mehring, G. and Mutukwa, I. 2016. Effect of a post-anthesis foliar application of nitrogen on grain protein and milling and baking quality of spring wheat. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 7: 2505-2514.

Santiveri, F., Royo, C. and Romagosa, I. 2004. Growth and yield responses of spring and winter triticale cultivated under Mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Agronomy, 20: 281-292.

Sarandon, S. J. and Gianibelli, M. C. 1990. Effect of foliar urea spraying and nitrogen application at sowing upon dry matter and nitrogen distribution in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy, 10: 183-189.

Sharif alhasani, M. and GHasemzade ganjee, M. 2009. Effects division and foliar nitrogen quantitative and qualitative yield wheat durum .Journal Research's Soil, 23 (1): 1-10.

Smith, C. J., Fereney, J. R., Sherlock, R. R., and Galbally, I. E. 1991. The fate of urea nitrogen applied in foliar sprsy to wheat heading. Fertilizer Research, 28: 129-138.

Spierts, J. H. J. and Ellen, H. 1978. Effect of nitrogen on crop development and grain growth of winter wheat in relation to the assimilation and utilization of assimilates and nutrients. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science, 26: 21-231.

Subedi, K. D., Ma, B. L. and Xue, A. G. 2007. Planting date and nitrogen effects on grain yield and protein content of spring wheat. Crop Science, 47: 36-44.

Terman, G. L. and Engelstad, O. P. 1976. Agronomic Evaluation of Fertilizer. P. 45. Bull: Y 21, TVA, Muscle Shoals.

Triboi, E. and Triboi-Blondel, A. M. 2002. Productivity and grain or seed composition: a new approach to an old problem: invited paper: European Journal of Agronomy, 16: 163-186.

USDA. 2019. World agricultural production. Department of Agriculture ForeignAgricultural Service Office of Global Analysis. 30 pp.

Yildirim, M., Barutcular, C., Koc, M., Dizlek, H., ELSabagh, A., Hossain, A., Islam, M. S., Toptas, I., Basdemir, F., Albayrak, O. and Akinci, C. 2018. Assessment of the grain quality of wheat genotypes grown under multiple environments using GGE biplot analysis. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27 (7): 4830-4837.

.Van Sanford, D. A. and Mackown, C. T. 1987. Cultivar differences in nitrogen remobilization during grain filling in soft red winter wheat. Crop Science, 27: 295-300.

Xia, L. Q., Ma, Y. Z. and He, Y. 2012. GM wheat development in China: current status and challenges to commercialization. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63 (5): 1785-1790.

Xu, Z. Z., Yu, Z. W., Wang, D. and Zhang, Y. L. 2005. Nitrogen accumulation and translocation for winter wheat under different irrigation regimes. Agronomy and Crop Science, 191: 439-449.

Zadokes, J. C., Chang, T. T. and Konzak, C. F. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, 14: 415-421

Zhang, Y. H., Sun, N.N., Hong, J. P., Zhang, Q., Wang, C., Xue, Q. W. Zhou, S. l., Huang, Q. and Wang, Z. M. 2014. Effect of source-sink manipulation on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and the remobilization of dry mass and nitrogen in vegetative organs of wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 13: 1680-1690.